Author: Alan Weissberger

Dell’Oro: Analysis of the Nokia-NVIDIA-partnership on AI RAN

Posted on by Alan Weissberger

According to Dell’Oro VP Stefan Pongratz, Nokia has outlined a clear plan to arrest its declining RAN revenue share (see chart below), with NVIDIA  now a central pillar of that strategy. The partnership is designed to deliver AI RAN [1.] while meeting wireless network operators’ near-term constraints and concerns on performance, power, and TCO (Total Cost of Ownership).  IEEE Techblog has noted in many past blog posts that telcos have huge doubts about AI RAN which implies they won’t buy into that new RAN architecture.

This is especially relevant considering the monumental failure of multi-vendor Open RAN which was promoted as a game changer, but has dismally failed to attain that vision.

Note 1.  AI RAN is a mobile RAN architecture where AI and machine learning are embedded into the RAN software and underlying compute platform to optimize how the network is planned, configured, and operated.  It is being pushed by NVIDIA to get its GPUs into 5G, 5G Advanced and 6G base stations and other wireless network equipment in the RAN.

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Nokia aims to use collaboration with NVIDIA (which invested $1B in the Finland based company) to stabilize its RAN market share in the near term and create a platform for long-term growth in AI-native 5G-Advanced and 6G networks. The timing—following a dense cadence of disclosures at NVIDIA’s GPU Technology Conference and Nokia’s Capital Markets Day—makes this an ideal time to reassess the scope of the joint announcements, the RAN implications, and Nokia’s broader competitive posture in an increasingly concentrated market.

Both companies share a belief that telecom networks will evolve from best-effort connectivity into a distributed compute fabric underpinning autonomous machines, self-driving vehicles, humanoids, and industrial digital twins. From that perspective, the RAN becomes an “AI grid” that executes and orchestrates AI workloads at the edge, enabling massive numbers of latency-sensitive, bandwidth-intensive AI use cases.

Unlike prior attempts to penetrate the RAN market with its GPUs, NVIDIA is now taking a more pragmatic approach, explicitly targeting parity with incumbent, purpose-built RAN equipment based on performance, power, and TCO rather than leading with speculative multi-tenant or new-revenue narratives. Nokia, acutely aware of wireless telco risk tolerance, is positioning the solution so that the ROI must be justifiable on a pure RAN basis, with additional AI and edge-compute upside treated as optional rather than foundational.

A quick recap of NVIDIA’s entry into RAN: Based on the announcement and subsequent discussions, our understanding is that NVIDIA will invest $1 B in Nokia and that NVIDIA-powered AI-RAN products will be incorporated into Nokia’s RAN portfolio starting in 2027 (with trials beginning in 2026). While RAN compute—which represents less than half of the $30B+ RAN market—is immaterial relative to NVIDIA’s $4+ T market cap, the potential upside becomes more meaningful when viewed in the context of NVIDIA’s broader telecom ambitions and its $165 B in trailing-twelve-month revenue.

With a deployed base of more than 1 million BTS, Nokia is prioritizing three migration vectors to GPU/AI-RAN, in order of expected impact:

  • Purpose-built D-RAN [2.], by inserting a new card into existing AirScale slots.

  • D-RAN vRAN [3.], using COTS servers at the cell site.

  • Cloud RAN [4.] or vRAN, using centralized COTS infrastructure.

This approach aligns with wireless network operators’ desire to sweat existing AirScale assets while minimizing operational disruption.

Note 2.  Purpose-built D-RAN is a distributed RAN architecture where the baseband processing runs on dedicated, vendor-specific hardware at or very close to the cell site, rather than on generic COTS servers. It is “purpose-built” because the silicon, boards, and software stack are tightly integrated and optimized for RAN performance, power efficiency, and footprint, not general-purpose compute.

Note 3. vRAN or virtual RAN is a technology that virtualizes the functions of a cellular network’s radio access network, moving them from dedicated hardware to software running on general-purpose servers. This approach makes mobile networks more flexible, scalable, and cost-efficient by replacing proprietary hardware with software on common-off-the-shelf (COTS) hardware.

Note 4. Cloud RAN (C-RAN) is a centralized cellular network architecture that uses cloud computing to virtualize and process radio access network (RAN) functions. This architecture centralizes baseband units in a “BBU hotel,” allowing for more flexible and scalable network management, efficient resource allocation, and improved network performance. It allows operators to pool resources, adjust capacity based on demand, and support new services, which is a key enabler for 5G networks.

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In this model, the Distributed Unit, and often the higher-layer functions, are physically collocated with the radio unit at the site, making each site a largely self-contained RAN node. This contrasts with Cloud RAN or vRAN, where baseband functions are centralized or virtualized on shared cloud infrastructure, and with cloud/AI-RAN approaches that rely on GPUs or other general-purpose accelerators instead of custom RAN hardware.

The macro-RAN market (baseband plus radio) is roughly a 30 billion USD annual opportunity, with on the order of 1–2 million macro sites shipped per year. In that context, operators have limited appetite to pay more than 10,000 USD for a GPU per sector, even if software-led benefits accumulate over time, which is why NVIDIA is signaling GPU pricing in line with ARC-Compact but at roughly double the capacity and Nokia is targeting 48–50% gross margins in Mobile Infrastructure by 2028, slightly above the current run-rate.

If the TCO and performance-per-watt gap versus custom silicon continues to narrow, the partnership could materially influence AI-RAN and Cloud-RAN trajectories while also supporting Nokia’s margin expansion goals. AI-RAN was already expected to scale to roughly one-third of the RAN market by 2029; Nokia’s decision to lean harder into GPUs amplifies this structural shift without fundamentally changing the long-term 6G direction.

In the near term, GPU-enabled D-RAN using empty AirScale slots is expected to dominate deployments, reflecting operators’ preference for incremental, site-level upgrades. At the same time, the Nokia-NVIDIA partnership is not expected to meaningfully alter the overall Cloud RAN vs. D-RAN mix, Open RAN adoption (slow or non-existent) , or the trajectory of multi-tenant RAN, which remain more dependent on network operator architecture and commercial decisions than on a single vendor–silicon alignment.

Nokia plans to remain disciplined and focus on areas where it can differentiate and unlock value—particularly through software/faster innovation cycles via its recently announced partnership with NVIDIA. The company sees meaningful opportunities to capture incremental share in North America, Europe, India, and select APAC markets. And it is already off to a solid start— we estimate that Nokia’s 1Q25–3Q25 RAN revenue share outside North America improved slightly relative to 2024. Following this stabilization phase, Nokia is betting that its investments will pay off and that it will be well-positioned to lead with AI-native networks and 6G.

Nokia’s objective is clear: stabilize RAN in the short term, then grow by leading in AI-native networks and 6G over the longer horizon. Success now hinges on Nokia’s ability to operationalize the GPU-based RAN roadmap at scale and on NVIDIA’s ability to deliver carrier-grade economics and performance—turning the AI-RAN narrative into production-grade, repeatable deployments.

Nokia sees meaningful opportunities to capture incremental RAN market share in North America, Europe, India, and select APAC markets. And it is already off to a solid start— we estimate that Nokia’s 1Q25–3Q25 RAN revenue share outside North America improved slightly relative to 2024. Following this stabilization phase, Nokia is betting that its investments will pay off and that it will be well-positioned to lead with AI-native networks and 6G.

References:

Nokia and NVIDIA Take on RAN

Nokia in major pivot from traditional telecom to AI, cloud infrastructure, data center networking and 6G

Dell’Oro: RAN market stable, Mobile Core Network market +14% Y/Y with 72 5G SA core networks deployed

Indosat Ooredoo Hutchison, Nokia and Nvidia AI-RAN research center in Indonesia amongst telco skepticism

Nvidia pays $1 billion for a stake in Nokia to collaborate on AI networking solutions

RAN silicon rethink – from purpose built products & ASICs to general purpose processors or GPUs for vRAN & AI RAN

Dell’Oro: AI RAN to account for 1/3 of RAN market by 2029; AI RAN Alliance membership increases but few telcos have joined

Dell’Oro: RAN revenue growth in 1Q2025; AI RAN is a conundrum

AI RAN Alliance selects Alex Choi as Chairman

Expose: AI is more than a bubble; it’s a data center debt bomb

Deutsche Telekom: successful completion of the 6G-TakeOff project with “3D networks”

Posted on by Alan Weissberger

The 6G-TakeOff project, funded by the German Federal Ministry of Research, Technology and Space was focused on development of a unified three dimensional (3D) network architecture for future 6G communications, which integrates terrestrial networks with non-terrestrial networks (NTN) like satellites and drones. Led by Deutsche Telekom, the three-year project focused on creating a dynamic, flexible, and intelligent network that could provide seamless connectivity by using AI to manage network resources and dynamically switch between different network types. The project has successfully concluded and  its results were presented at a closing event at the University of Bremen.

Three-dimensional (3D) networks are where base stations on the ground are complemented by base stations aboard airborne platforms and satellites. Stations in the air offer the opportunity to provide additional network capacity temporarily and locally as needed. The project focused on the holistic view of a 3D network and the question of how the various subnetwork elements can be connected to each other (handover) in a unified 6G architecture. By combining and intelligently coordinating the various access technologies, optimal access to connectivity is thus enabled for every application. The results of the project are an important part of basic research for so-called non-terrestrial networks (NTN) and will be incorporated into the standardization of the future generation of mobile communications (by 3GPP and ITU-R).

From its inception, the 3D network consortium was designed to integrate perspectives and innovations from a wide range of research and industry fields. This enabled close collaboration between the aerospace sector and the communications and software industries as well as manufacturers, while facilitating the transfer from the academic environment to the industrial context. Led by Deutsche Telekom, the research consortium brought together a total of 19 partners:

  • The manufacturers participating in the project included Airbus Defence and Space GmbH, Creonic GmbH, DSI Aerospace GmbH, EANT GmbH, IMST GmbH, NXP® Semiconductors, OTARIS Interactive Services GmbH, Rohde & Schwarz, and Boldyn Networks.
  • The user perspective was represented by John Deere GmbH & Co. KG and ZF Friedrichshafen AG.
  • In addition to Deutsche Telekom, the network operator O2 Telefónica was also involved.
  • The project team was completed by research institutes and universities: the German Aerospace Center (DLR), the Fraunhofer Institute FOKUS, the IHP Leibniz Institute for High Performance Microelectronics, the Technical University of Kaiserslautern, the University of Bremen, and the Center for Telematics Würzburg all contributed their expertise.

Successful completion after three years of 6G research in the project “6G-TakeOff” © Deutsche Telekom

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Key aspects of the project:

  • Unified 3D Network: The project aimed to create a single network architecture that seamlessly combines ground-based base stations with airborne (like drones) and satellite-based stations.
  • Dynamic Connectivity: The network was designed to dynamically adjust and manage connections, so it can provide temporary capacity where needed and automatically select the best access method for a user’s needs.
  • AI-powered Management: Artificial intelligence (AI) was used to manage the network, helping to optimize connections, anticipate disruptions, and ensure the overall resilience of the system.
  • Industry and Academic Collaboration: The project involved a large consortium of 19 partners, including universities, research institutes, and companies from the aerospace, telecommunications, and technology sectors.
  • Contribution to 6G Standards: The research and results from 6G-TakeOff are intended to be incorporated into the ongoing standardization efforts for 6G technology, forming a strong foundation for future development.
  • Focus Areas: Research included topics such as device handover, local deployment of edge compute, and the development of technologies to connect terrestrial and non-terrestrial components. 

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Research results:

The consortium developed several demonstrators to test the feasibility of different solutions:

  • Device handover in the 3D network: Arguably, handover is the most important element of a 3D network. The three-dimensional structure of the network was tested in a testbed at the University of Bremen. Using base stations on the ground, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) in the air and satellite hardware on a 146-meter-high tower, the 3D network was simulated and the handover of a moving device between network components was studied. The testbed will remain in place even after the conclusion of the project.
  • Local deployment of mobile edge computing (MEC) services: Edge computing makes it possible to process large amounts of data securely and on-site in near real-time. The project was able to successfully demonstrate that edge computing is also possible for non-terrestrial networks. In this way, appropriate networks can be set up temporarily and as needed.
  • Feederlink technology for ground stations and UAVs: UAVs must be connected to the core network on the ground via so-called feederlinks. These links allow data to be transmitted at high rates between ground stations and UAVs. Beamforming antennas are required for this purpose. They direct radio waves in a targeted manner rather than spreading them broadly, thereby improving signal strength and range. In 6G-TakeOff, novel antenna designs were developed and tested. These are characterized by a particularly strong directional focus when transmitting and receiving radio waves, as well as a lightweight design. In addition, new methods for beam steering, meaning the precise alignment of ground station antennas with moving UAVs, were developed.

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The project’s three-year milestone exhibits a strong track record for the research initiative. Beyond the demonstrators, seven patent filings underscore the consortium’s innovation.

“The 6G-TakeOff project has helped us better understand the practical challenges of integrating terrestrial and non-terrestrial components into a unified 3D communication framework. It offers valuable insights on how future 6G systems could improve service continuity, resilience and capacity wherever needed. The project has laid a strong foundation for further cross-industry cooperation towards 6G,” said Thomas Lips, SVP RAN Disaggregation & Enablement at Deutsche Telekom.

Commercial deployment of 6G is anticipated in the early 2030s, pending 3GPP specifications and ITU-R WP 5D evaluation completion of IMT 2030 RIT/SRITs based on minimum performance requirements. Please see references for more information about 6G initiatives and IMT 2030.

References:

https://www.6g-takeoff.de/

https://www.telekom.com/en/media/media-information/archive/successful-completion-6g-takeoff-1099886

GSMA Vision 2040 study identifies spectrum needs during the peak 6G era of 2035–2040

Verizon’s 6G Innovation Forum joins a crowded list of 6G efforts that may conflict with 3GPP and ITU-R IMT-2030 work

Nokia and Rohde & Schwarz collaborate on AI-powered 6G receiver years before IMT 2030 RIT submissions to ITU-R WP5D

Highlights and Summary of the 2025 Brooklyn 6G Summit

Nokia Bell Labs and KDDI Research partner for 6G energy efficiency and network resiliency

ITU-R WP 5D reports on: IMT-2030 (“6G”) Minimum Technology Performance Requirements; Evaluation Criteria & Methodology

ITU-R: IMT-2030 (6G) Backgrounder and Envisioned Capabilities

Summary of ITU-R Workshop on “IMT for 2030 and beyond” (aka “6G”)

Ericsson and e& (UAE) sign MoU for 6G collaboration vs ITU-R IMT-2030 framework

Ericsson and IIT Kharagpur partner for joint research in AI and 6G

Ericsson’s India 6G Research Program at its Chennai R&D Center

ETSI Integrated Sensing and Communications ISG targets 6G

Enable-6G: Yet another 6G R&D effort spearheaded by Telefónica de España

China’s MIIT to prioritize 6G project, accelerate 5G and gigabit optical network deployments in 2023

6th Digital China Summit: China to expand its 5G network; 6G R&D via the IMT-2030 (6G) Promotion Group

Nokia to open 5G and 6G research lab in Amadora, Portugal

Amazon Leo (formerly Project Kuiper) unveils satellite broadband for enterprises; Competitive analysis with Starlink

Posted on by Alan Weissberger

Amazon Leo (formerly Project Kuiper) has now disclosed its enterprise-focused hardware, services, and capabilities, and launching a new preview program for select enterprise customers to begin testing Amazon Leo services ahead of a wider commercial rollout in 2026.  With more than 150 satellites in orbit and initial network testing underway,  Amazon Leo aims to provide high-speed internet service to those beyond the reach of existing networks, including the millions of businesses, government entities, and organizations operating in places without reliable connectivity.

Amazon revealed the final production design of Amazon Leo Ultra, an advanced, enterprise-grade terminal that delivers best-in-class performance for demanding private and public sector applications. The full-duplex phased array antenna (see photo below) provides download speeds of up to 1 Gbps and upload speeds up to 400 Mbps, making it the fastest commercial phased array antenna in production.

Antenna Photos courtesy of Amazon Leo
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The antenna is powered by a custom silicon chip designed by Amazon Leo and incorporates Amazon’s proprietary radio frequency (RF) design and signal processing algorithms that maximize throughput while minimizing latency—critical factors for applications like video conferencing, real-time monitoring, and cloud computing.
  • The standard customer terminal for most users is the Leo Pro, offering downlink speeds of up to 400 Mbps in an 11”x11” package, and the Leo Nano is a 7×7” model that delivers downlink speeds up to 100 Mbps. 
  • For the Leo Pro and Leo Nano customer terminals, Amazon overlaid transmit and receive phased array antennas to deliver high performance while reducing size—the first time that had been done in the Ka-band.
  • Leo Ultra is the most powerful antenna in their lineup, specifically designed for demanding enterprise applications. It features advanced networking capabilities, including simultaneous upload and download capabilities and seamless integration with existing enterprise network infrastructure.  The transmit and receive antennas are side by side to maximize performance and allow for full duplex operation, which means the antenna can simultaneously transmit and receive data at high speeds.  Leo Ultra is engineered for the elements with a durable, weather-resistant design that can withstand high-and low temperatures, precipitation, and strong winds. Its sleek and integrated design eliminates moving parts while enabling rapid installation and reliable operation across a wide range of locations.

Amazon Leo will offer enterprise-grade features including easy-to-use network management tools, advanced encryption across the network, and 24/7 priority customer support. The service is designed to support critical business applications including real-time data processing, remote operations management, and secure communications for teams working in field locations. It also connects directly to Amazon Web Services (AWS), as well as other cloud and on-premise networks, allowing customers to securely move data from remote assets to private networks without touching the public internet. Amazon Leo will offer two primary private networking solutions:

  • Direct to AWS: With Direct to AWS (D2A), AWS customers can connect directly to their cloud workloads using an AWS Transit Gateway or AWS Direct Connect Gateway through a point-and-click interface on the Amazon Leo web console, simplifying network management and lowering latency.
  • Private Network Interconnect: Enterprises and telecommunications providers can also establish private network interconnects (PNI) at major colocation facilities to connect remote locations directly to their data center or core network, enabling Private Networking in days rather than the weeks or months typically required to deploy traditional private circuits.

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Quotes:

“Amazon Leo represents a massive opportunity for businesses operating in challenging environments,” said Chris Weber, vice president of consumer and enterprise business for Amazon Leo. “From our satellite and network design to our portfolio of high-performance phased array antennas, we’ve designed Amazon Leo to meet the needs of some of the most complex business and government customers out there, and we’re excited to provide them with the tools they need to transform their operations, no matter where they are in the world.”

“Having collaborated with Amazon before, we knew Amazon Leo would share our passion for customer-first innovation,” said Marty St. George, president, JetBlue. “Choosing Amazon Leo reflects our commitment to staying ahead of what customers want most when traveling, such as fast, reliable performance and flexibility in our free inflight Wi-Fi.”

An anonymous Amazon Leo spokesperson told Fierce Network, “We have a broad mix of customers, some of whom are also customers of AWS. We’ll expand service to more customers, including residential users, as we add coverage and capacity to the network in 2026. We’ll share details as we get closer to general availability.”

“We’ve made a ton of progress already this year with six successful missions sending more than 150 satellites to orbit; our next mission is coming up on December 15 to deploy another 27 satellites; and we’re processing satellites for the next missions after that. We need more satellites up before we can offer 24-hour coverage, and we expect to accelerate deployment in the coming months as we begin launching on new heavy-lift rockets like Vulcan, New Glenn and Ariane 6 that can carry more satellites per launch,” said the spokesperson.

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Amazon is shipping units of Leo Pro and Leo Ultra to select companies as part of this new enterprise preview, and they’ll expand the program to more customers as coverage and capacity to the network is added. Amazon Leo has a range of customer terminals to give our customers flexibility.  Companies initially trialing the service include Hunt Energy Network, JetBlue, Vanu, Connected Farms, and Crane Worldwide Logistics. To support this early adoption, Amazon Leo is launching an enterprise preview that allows select business customers to begin testing the network using production hardware and software. It also gives Amazon Leo teams an opportunity to collect more customer feedback and tailor solutions for specific industries ahead of a broader rollout.
“Hunt Energy Company operates a wide range of energy assets across the globe, and this requires exceptional connectivity to be able to operate, maintain, and deliver our products. The combination of Amazon Leo bandwidth capabilities and the secure private link is exactly what we needed,” said Hunter Hunt, CEO of Hunt Energy Holdings and Board Chairman of Skyward.
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Competition with Starlink:
Amazon Leo will be a direct competitor to SpaceX’s Starlink service, aiming to capture market share in the low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite internet sector. While Starlink has a significant head start with thousands of satellites in orbit and millions of customers, Amazon is actively developing and testing its own network to provide a competitive alternative for global connectivity. 
Key Areas of Competition:
Feature  Starlink (SpaceX) Amazon Leo (Amazon)
Current Status Fully operational, with a large, established customer base. In an “enterprise preview” phase with select businesses; commercial rollout expected in 2026.
Satellites in Orbit Over 9,000 satellites currently deployed. Over 150 satellites currently deployed, with a goal of over 3,000.
Target Audience Broad focus on consumers, rural users, businesses, aviation, and maritime. Initial focus on enterprise, government, and telecom providers, with consumer service planned for later.
Max Speeds Current median speeds around 200 Mbps for residential, higher for business plans (up to 400 Mbps+ with certain hardware). Promises up to 1 Gbps download speeds with its enterprise-grade Leo Ultra antenna.
Differentiation Known for its broad availability and relatively low-cost consumer hardware. Emphasizes seamless integration with Amazon Web Services (AWS) and enhanced private networking features for business customers.
Competitive Dynamics:
Head Start: Starlink has a multi-year lead in deployment and customer acquisition, meaning Amazon faces an uphill battle to catch up.
  • Technological Rivalry: The competition is fueled by a high-profile rivalry between founders Elon Musk (SpaceX) and Jeff Bezos (Amazon), whose separate space ventures also compete.
  • Market Growth: The entry of Amazon Leo is expected to drive innovation and provide customers with more options, potentially driving down prices and improving services across the industry. 
In summary, Amazon Leo is a direct strategic and technical challenge to Starlink, intensifying the race to provide global satellite internet connectivity. 

References:

 leo.amazon.com/business

https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/amazon-leo/amazon-leo-satellite-internet-ultra-pro

https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/innovation-at-amazon/project-kuiper-satellite-rocket-launch-progress-updates

https://www.fierce-network.com/broadband/amazon-leo-previews-its-satellite-broadband-enterprises

NBN selects Amazon Project Kuiper over Starlink for LEO satellite internet service in Australia

Amazon launches first Project Kuiper satellites in direct competition with SpaceX/Starlink

Vodafone and Amazon’s Project Kuiper to extend 4G/5G in Africa and Europe

Amazon to Spend Billions on 38 Space Launches for Project Kuiper

Verizon partners with Amazon Project Kuiper to offer FWA in unconnected and underserved areas

FCC grants Amazon’s Kuiper license for NGSO satellite constellation for internet services

GEO satellite internet from HughesNet and Viasat can’t compete with LEO Starlink in speed or latency

Elon Musk: Starlink could become a global mobile carrier; 2 year timeframe for new smartphones

FCC: More competition for Starlink; freeing up spectrum for satellite broadband service

 

GSMA, ETSI, IEEE, ITU & TM Forum: AI Telco Troubleshooting Challenge + TelecomGPT: a dedicated LLM for telecom applications

Posted on by Alan Weissberger

The GSMA — along with ETSI, IEEE GenAINet, the ITU, and TM Forum — today opened an innovation challenge calling on telco operators, AI researchers, and startups to build large-language models (LLMs) capable of root-cause analysis (RCA) for telecom network faults.  The AI Telco Troubleshooting Challenge is supported by Huawei, InterDigital, NextGCloud, RelationalAI, xFlowResearch and technical advisors from AT&T.

The new competition invites teams to submit AI models in three categories: Generalization to New Faults will assess the best performing LLMs for RCA; Small Models at the Edge will evaluate lightweight edge-deployable models; and Explainability/Reasoning will focus on the AI systems that clearly explain their reasoning. Additional categories will include securing edge-cloud deployments and enabling AI services for application developers.

The goal is to deliver AI tools that help operators automatically identify, diagnose, and (eventually) remediate network problems — potentially reducing both downtime and operational costs. This marks a concrete step toward turning “telco-AI” from pilot projects into operational infrastructure.

As telecom networks scale (5G, 5G-Advanced, edge, IoT), faults and failures become costlier. Automating fault detection and troubleshooting with AI could significantly boost network resilience, reduce manual labor, and enable faster recovery from outages.

“Large Language Models have become instrumental in the pursuit of autonomous, resilient and adaptive networks,” said Prof. Merouane Debbah, General Chair of IEEE GenAINet ETI. “Through this challenge, we are tackling core research and engineering challenges, such as generalisation to unseen network faults, interpretability and edge-efficient AI, that are vital for making AI-native telecom infrastructures a reality. IEEE GenAINet ETI is proud to support this initiative, which serves as a testbed for future-ready innovations across the global telco ecosystem.”

“ITU’s global AI challenges connect innovators with computing resources, datasets, and expert mentors to nurture AI innovation ecosystems worldwide,” said Seizo Onoe, Director of the ITU Telecommunication Standardization Bureau. “Crowdsourcing new solutions and creating conditions for them to scale, our challenges boost business by helping innovations achieve meaningful impact.”

“The future of telecoms depends on the autonomation of network resiliency – shifting from static infrastructure to AI-driven, context-aware, self-optimising networks. TM Forum’s AI-Native Blueprint provides the architectural foundation to make this reality, and the AI Telco Troubleshooting Challenge aligns perfectly to support the industry in moving beyond isolated pilots to production-grade resilient autonomation,” said Guy Lupo, AI and Data Mission lead at TM Forum.

The initiative builds on recent breakthroughs in applying AI to network operations, leveraging curated datasets such as TeleLogs and benchmarking frameworks developed by GSMA and its partners under the GSMA Open-Telco LLM Benchmarks community, which includes a  leaderboard that highlights how various LLMs perform on telco-specific use cases.

“Network faults cost operators millions annually and root cause analysis is a critical pain point for operators,” said Louis Powell, Director of AI Technologies at GSMA. “By harnessing AI models capable of reasoning and diagnosing unseen faults, the industry can dramatically improve reliability and reduce operational costs. Through this challenge, we aim to accelerate the development of LLMs that combine reasoning, efficiency and scalability.”

“We are encouraged by the upside of this challenge after our team at AT&T fine-tuned a 4-billion-parameter small language model that topped all other evaluated models on the GSMA Open-Telco LLM Benchmarks (TeleLogs RCA task), including frontier models such as GPT-5, Claude Sonnet 4.5 and Grok-4,” said Andy Markus, Chief Data Officer at AT&T. “This challenge has the right mix of an important business problem and a technical opportunity, and we welcome the industry’s collaboration to take it to the next level.”

The AI Telco Troubleshooting Challenge is open for submissions on the 28th November and it closes on 1st February 2026, with the winners announced at a dedicated prize-giving session at MWC26 Barcelona.

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Separately, the GSMA Foundry and Khalifa University announced a strategic collaboration to develop “TelecomGPT,” a dedicated LLM for telecom applications, plus an Open-Telco Knowledge Graph based on 3GPP specifications.

  • These assets are intended to help the industry overcome limitations of general-purpose LLMs, which often struggle with telecom-specific technical contexts. PR Newswire+2Mobile World Live+2

  • The plan: make TelecomGPT and related knowledge tools available for operators, vendors and researchers to accelerate AI-driven telco innovations. PR Newswire+1

Why it matters: A specialized “telco-native” LLM could improve automation, operations, R&D and standardization efforts — for example, helping operators configure networks, analyze logs, or build AI-powered services. It represents a shift toward embedding AI more deeply into core telecom infrastructure and operations.

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About GSMA
The GSMA is a global organization unifying the mobile ecosystem to discover, develop and deliver innovation foundational to positive business environments and societal change. Our vision is to unlock the full power of connectivity so that people, industry, and society thrive. Representing mobile operators and organizations across the mobile ecosystem and adjacent industries, the GSMA delivers for its members across three broad pillars: Connectivity for Good, Industry Services and Solutions, and Outreach. This activity includes advancing policy, tackling today’s biggest societal challenges, underpinning the technology and interoperability that make mobile work, and providing the world’s largest platform to convene the mobile ecosystem at the MWC and M360 series of events.

We invite you to find out more at gsma.com

About ETSI

ETSI is one of only three bodies officially recognized by the European Union as a European Standards Organization (ESO). It is an independent, not-for-profit body dedicated to ICT standardisation. With over 900 member organizations from more than 60 countries across five continents, ETSI offers an open and inclusive environment for members representing large and small private companies, research institutions, academia, governments, and public organizations. ETSI supports the timely development, ratification, and testing of globally applicable standards for ICT‑enabled systems, applications, and services across all sectors of industry and society. More on: etsi.org

About IEEE GenAINet

The aim of the IEEE Large Generative AI Models in Telecom Emerging Technology Initiative (GenAINet ETI) is to create a dynamic platform of research and innovation for academics, researchers, and industry leaders to advance the research on large generative AI in Telecom, through collaborative efforts across various disciplines, including mathematics, information theory, wireless communications, signal processing, networking, artificial intelligence, and more. More on: https://genainet.committees.comsoc.org

About ITU

The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations agency for digital technologies, driving innovation for people and the planet with 194 Member States and a membership of over 1,000 companies, universities, civil society, and international and regional organizations. Established in 1865, ITU coordinates the global use of the radio spectrum and satellite orbits, establishes international technology standards, drives universal connectivity and digital services, and is helping to make sure everyone benefits from sustainable digital transformation, including the most remote communities. From artificial intelligence (AI) to quantum, from satellites and submarine cables to advanced mobile and wireless broadband networks, ITU is committed to connecting the world and beyond. Learn more: www.itu.int

About TM Forum

TM Forum is an alliance of over 800 organizations spanning the global connectivity ecosystem, including the world’s top ten Communication Service Providers (CSPs), top three hyperscalers and Network Equipment Providers (NEPs), vendors, consultancies and system integrators, large and small. We provide a place for our Members to collaborate, innovate, and deliver lasting change. Together, we are building a sustainable future for the industry in connectivity and beyond. To find out more, visit: www.tmforum.org

References:

The AI Telco Troubleshooting Challenge Launches to Transform Network Reliability

AI Telco Troubleshooting Challenge global launch webinar

https://www.prnewswire.com/il/news-releases/gsma-foundry-and-khalifa-university-to-accelerate-ai-innovation-with-the-development-of-telecomgpt-302625362.html

GSMA Vision 2040 study identifies spectrum needs during the peak 6G era of 2035–2040

Gartner: Gen AI nearing trough of disillusionment; GSMA survey of network operator use of AI

 

Google Cloud announces TalayLink subsea cable and new connectivity hubs in Thailand and Australia

Posted on by Alan Weissberger

In yet another example of hyperscaler all inclusive infrastructure design and development, Google Cloud has announced plans for a new subsea system, TalayLink, which will connect Australia to Thailand. It’s  part of the company’s wider Australia Connect initiative to expand infrastructure across the Indo-Pacific.   While Google has not provided a firm completion date, the company confirmed that TalayLink, alongside planned connectivity hubs in the Maldives and Christmas Island, will form a critical, resilient network backbone connecting Australia, Southeast Asia, Africa, and the Middle East.

This infrastructure initiative will establish an alternative low-latency path into Thailand via the Indian Ocean, bypassing existing chokepoints west of the Sunda Strait. This new route significantly enhances network integration with Google’s forthcoming data centers and Cloud Region within Thailand.  The TalayLink ecosystem will leverage two new, dedicated Google connectivity hubs:
  • Mandurah, Western Australia: This facility provides essential network diversity, acting as a resilient alternative to existing landing points near Perth.
  • South Thailand: Strategically located at a major subsea cable crossroads, this hub will be developed in partnership with AIS, with International Gateway Company (IGC), a subsidiary of ALT Telecom, managing the cable landing specifics.
These hubs are designed to provide robust cable switching, caching, and colocation capabilities, bolstering regional network resilience and scaling effectively to meet the escalating demands of cloud services and AI workloads.
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In addition to the TalayLink subsea cable system, Google announced plans for new connectivity hubs in Western Australia (Mandurah) and South Thailand. These strategic investments are designed to future-proof regional connectivity and accelerate the delivery of advanced digital and AI services through cable switching, content caching, and colocation capabilities.  The Mandurah connectivity hub will establish a diverse landing point from Perth, where the majority of existing subsea cables currently land in Western Australia. In South Thailand, an established crossroads for subsea cables, we are partnering with colocation provider AIS to accelerate our deployment and benefit from existing local infrastructure investments.

“The TalayLink cable will serve as a pivotal piece of digital infrastructure, enhancing Thailand’s connectivity and resilience. Together with Google’s upcoming Google Cloud region and data center in Thailand, these forward‑looking investments will significantly expand regional network and computing capacity, while firmly positioning Thailand as a critical digital gateway for next‑generation cloud and AI innovation in Southeast Asia.  The Thailand Board of Investment (BOI) is fully committed to supporting Google’s investment in Thailand, fostering the growth of the nation’s digital economy, and advancing digital skills to ensure inclusive and sustainable development.” – Narit Therdsteerasukdi, Secretary General, Thailand Board of Investment (BOI). 

“AIS is excited to be extending our relationship with Google as a strategic partner by supporting the connectivity hub in Southern Thailand. The combination of Google’s new, diverse submarine cable path and AIS’s high-reliability colocation capabilities will ensure the digital infrastructure in the region is capable of supporting the country’s AI strategy.” – Pratthana Leelapanang Chief Executive Officer, AIS

“International Gateway Company (IGC), a subsidiary of ALT Telecom PLC, is delighted to be a key Google partner in landing a new submarine cable in Thailand. IGC brings to the project its extensive experience operating a nationwide network and international cable gateway. This cable is an important new piece of digital infrastructure that will accelerate Thailand’s ambitious digital economy development strategy.” – Preeyaporn Tangpaosak, President, ALT Telecom

When they’re complete, TalayLink and the connectivity hubs will support network resilience across Australia, Africa and Southeast Asia. When combined with our previously announced connectivity hubs in the Maldives and Christmas Island, these investments will provide onward connectivity across the Indian Ocean and beyond to the Middle East.

This new cable and our regional connectivity hubs will directly support Western Australia’s roadmap to secure a safe, inclusive digital future, as well as the Royal Thai Government’s objective of economic transformation through AI and digital inclusion. We are excited to contribute to the economic and social growth across Australia, Thailand and Southeast Asia through resilient, reliable internet infrastructure.

References:

NTT Data and Google Cloud partner to offer industry-specific cloud and AI solutions

Google Cloud targets telco network functions, while AWS and Azure are in holding patterns

Deutsche Telekom and Google Cloud partner on “RAN Guardian” AI agent

Ericsson and Google Cloud expand partnership with Cloud RAN solution

TechCrunch: Meta to build $10 billion Subsea Cable to manage its global data traffic

Orange Deploys Infinera’s GX Series to Power AMITIE Subsea Cable

 

Dell’Oro: RAN market stable, Mobile Core Network market +14% Y/Y with 72 5G SA core networks deployed

Posted on by Alan Weissberger

A recently published report from Dell’Oro Group notes that after two years of steep declines, initial estimates show that total Radio Access Network (RAN) revenue—including baseband, radio hardware, and software, excluding services—was flat outside of China and up when excluding North America.

“The nearly stable results for the 1Q25-3Q25 period bolster the flat growth thesis we have communicated for some time, reflecting the current state of the 5G network,” said Stefan Pongratz, Vice President of RAN market research at the Dell’Oro Group. “While near-term RAN expectations remain muted, some of the leading RAN suppliers are still cautiously optimistic that more investments are needed over the long-term to ensure the networks evolve from a connectivity pipe into an intelligence grid. Huawei and Ericsson are the clear #1 and 2 players globally – their combined share makes up nearly two-thirds of the RAN market (see table below).” Pongratz added.

Additional highlights from the 3Q 2025 RAN report:

  • In the quarter, growth in EMEA was nearly enough to offset declining revenue in North America and the Asia Pacific regions.
  • The top 5 RAN suppliers, based on worldwide revenues for the 1Q25-3Q25 period, are Huawei, Ericsson, Nokia, ZTE, and Samsung.
  • Market is becoming more concentrated—the top five suppliers accounted for 96 percent of the 1Q25-3Q25 RAN market, up from 95 percent in 2024.
  • Huawei and Ericsson’s worldwide RAN revenue share improved for the 1Q25-3Q25 period relative to 2024.
  • Huawei and Nokia’s RAN revenue share outside of North America improved for the 1Q25-3Q25 period relative to 2024.
  • The short-term outlook remains unchanged, with total RAN expected to remain mostly stable in 2026.

 

About the Report:

Dell’Oro Group’s RAN Quarterly Report offers a complete overview of the RAN industry, with tables covering manufacturers’ and market revenue for multiple RAN segments including 5G NR Sub-7 GHz, 5G NR mmWave, LTE, macro base stations and radios, small cells, Massive MIMO, Open RAN, and vRAN. The report also tracks the RAN market by region and includes a four-quarter outlook. To purchase this report, please contact us by email at [email protected].

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Data from Omdia, a Light Reading sister company, shows Ericsson, Huawei and Nokia were even more dominant last year than they were in 2023, growing their combined RAN market share by 2.3 percentage points over this period, to 77.4%. Besides China’s ZTE, the only other contender with more than a percentage point of market share was Samsung.

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Another recent Dell’Oro Group report reveals that the Mobile Core Network (MCN) market revenue outside China surged 14% year-over-year (Y/Y) in 3Q 2025. Twelve Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) have now selected to move forward with 5G-Advanced  (the marketing term used for the next phases of 3GPP’s 5G specs, which started with Release 18 and continues with Release 19 and beyond).

“The Chinese market experienced abnormally high growth in 3Q 2024. As a result, the China market revenue declined 39 percent Y/Y for 3Q 2025,” stated Dave Bolan, Research Director at Dell’Oro Group. “The revenue for all the other regions increased, between 9 percent and 17 percent Y/Y, resulting in a worldwide revenue decline of 2 percent Y/Y. As noted, revenue worldwide excluding China rose 14 percent Y/Y, continuing the trend in subscribers migrating to 5G Standalone (5G SA), and revenue worldwide excluding North America declined 5 percent Y/Y.

“MNOs are moving forward with 5G SA (72 in our last count) and moving forward to take advantage of monetization opportunities. Network Slicing announcements continued. Of note is Reliance Jio (India), which announced 10 network slices with guaranteed service level agreements (SLAs) at scale. In October, T-Mobile launched Edge Control, providing enterprises with what Dell’Oro Group refers to as an MNO-provided Mobile Private Network (MPN). This is in response to the challenges of implementing 5G SA Private Wireless networks in the shared CBRS spectrum in the US.

“We have identified 12 MNOs that have commercially launched 5G-Advanced networks (not all this quarter), to take 5G to the next level with new features and performance. MNOs include: China Mobile, China Telecom, China Unicom, CTM (Macau), Du (UAE), e& (UAE), HKT (Hong Kong), Singtel (Singapore), Telstra (Australia), T-Mobile (USA), YTL (Malaysia), and Zain (Kuwait),” added Bolan.

Additional highlights from the 3Q 2025 Mobile Core Network and Multi-Access Edge Computing Report include:

  • Region rankings were: EMEA; Asia Pacific, excluding China; China and North America tied; CALA.
  • Vendor rankings (with more than 5 percent share) were: Huawei, Ericsson, Nokia, and ZTE.

About the Report:

The Dell’Oro Group Mobile Core Network & Multi-Access Edge Computing Quarterly Report offers complete, in-depth coverage of the market with tables covering manufacturers’ revenue, shipments, and average selling prices for Traditional Packet Core, Evolved Packet Core, 5G Packet Core, Policy, Subscriber Data Management, Signaling, Circuit Switched Core, and IMS Core by geographic regions. To purchase this report, please contact us at [email protected].

About Dell’Oro Group:

Dell’Oro Group is a market research firm that specializes in strategic competitive analysis in the telecommunications, security, enterprise networks, and data center infrastructure markets.  Our firm provides in-depth quantitative data and qualitative analysis to facilitate critical, fact-based business decisions.

For more information, contact Dell’Oro Group at +1.650.622.9400 or visit https://www.delloro.com.

 

References:

RAN Mostly Stable in 3Q 2025, According to Dell’Oro Group

MCN Market Up 14 Percent Outside China in 3Q 2025, According to Dell’Oro Group

Market research firms Omdia and Dell’Oro: impact of 6G and AI investments on telcos

Omdia on resurgence of Huawei: #1 RAN vendor in 3 out of 5 regions; RAN market has bottomed

Omdia: Huawei increases global RAN market share due to China hegemony

Dell’Oro Group: RAN Market Grows Outside of China in 2Q 2025

Dell’Oro: RAN revenue growth in 1Q2025; AI RAN is a conundrum

Dell’Oro: Global RAN Market to Drop 21% between 2021 and 2029

Dell’Oro: RAN market still declining with Huawei, Ericsson, Nokia, ZTE and Samsung top vendors

Highlights of Dell’Oro’s 5-year RAN forecast

Dell’Oro: 2023 global telecom equipment revenues declined 5% YoY; Huawei increases its #1 position

Dell’Oro & Omdia: Global RAN market declined in 2023 and again in 2024

Dell’Oro: Mobile Core Network market has lowest growth rate since 4Q 2017

Dell’Oro: Mobile Core Network market driven by 5G SA networks in China

Dell’Oro: Mobile Core Network Market 5 Year Forecast

Dell’Oro: AI RAN to account for 1/3 of RAN market by 2029; AI RAN Alliance membership increases but few telcos have joined

 

Highlights of Ericsson’s Mobility Report – November 2025

Posted on by Alan Weissberger

The latest issue of the Ericsson Mobility Report states that 5G subscriptions now account for one-third of total mobile subscriptions. Mobile network data traffic grew slightly more than expected – 20 percent between Q3 2024 and Q3 2025. As 5G evolves, service providers are increasingly exploring innovative use cases and new monetization opportunities such as offering differentiated connectivity services and modernizing enterprise IT with 5G.

After many years of hype, network slicing, which requires a 5G SA core network, is finally gaining market traction with 33 communications service providers now offering variations of the technology. Of the 118 network slicing cases discovered by Ericsson’s researchers, 65 have moved beyond proof of concept and into commercial services, either as standalone subscription services or as add-on packages for consumer or business customers. Ericsson attributes this growth spurt to more widespread deployment of 5G SA core networks.

Looking further ahead, the 6G RAN standardization process has begun in 3GPP and ITU-R WP5D, with the first commercial launches expected in front-runner markets.

–>However, there has been no work initiated on the 6G core network in either 3GPP or ItU-T.

Ericsson’s report says the U.S., Japan, South Korea, China, India and some Gulf Cooperation Council countries are the 6G leaders. Global 6G subscriptions are likely to reach 180 million by the end of 2031, the report predicts. 

We think that forecast is highly unlikely as the IMT 2030 (6G) RIT/SRITs recommendation won’t be completed till the end of 2030 with initial deployments sometime in 2031.

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Data from Omdia, a Light Reading sister company, shows Ericsson, Huawei and Nokia were even more dominant last year than they were in 2023, growing their combined market share by 2.3 percentage points over this period, to 77.4%. Besides China’s ZTE, the only other contender with more than a percentage point of market share was Samsung.

References:

https://www.ericsson.com/en/reports-and-papers/mobility-report/reports/november-2025

Dell’Oro: 4G and 5G FWA revenue grew 7% in 2024; MRFR: FWA worth $182.27B by 2032

Ericsson’s revenue drops, profits soar; deal with Vodafone and partnership with Export Development Canada look promising

Latest Ericsson Mobility Report talks up 5G SA networks and FWA

Ericsson Mobility Report touts “5G SA opportunities”

Ericsson Mobility Report: 5G monetization depends on network performance

Ericsson Mobility Report: 5G subscriptions in Q2 2022 are 690 million (vs. 8.3 billion total mobile users)

 

Nokia in major pivot from traditional telecom to AI, cloud infrastructure, data center networking and 6G

Posted on by Alan Weissberger

At its Capital Markets Day 2025 today, Nokia announced a new strategy to position itself to lead in the AI-driven transformation of networks and capture the value of the AI supercycle. Nokia also has new long-term financial targets, strategic KPIs for the business, an evolution of its operating model and changes to its Group Leadership Team. To execute on its new strategic direction, Nokia is simplifying its operational model into two primary operating segments of 1.] Network Infrastructure and 2.] Mobile Infrastructure.

These changes are intended to put Nokia on a stronger path to innovate, serve its customers and create shareholder value. The company now targets to grow its annual comparable operating profit to a range of EUR 2.7 to 3.2 billion by 2028.

The new strategy will focus on the following five strategic priorities:

  1. Accelerate growth in AI & Cloud
  2. Lead the next era of mobile connectivity with AI-native networks and 6G
  3. Grow by co-innovating with customers and partners
  4. Focus capital where Nokia can differentiate
  5. Unlock sustainable returns

Nokia will reorganize its business into two primary operating segments to better align to customer needs and accelerate innovation as AI increases demand for advanced connectivity. This reorganization will take effect as of 1 January 2026.  “Nokia changed the world once by connecting people — and will again by connecting intelligence,” said Justin Hotard, President and CEO of Nokia. “As the trusted western provider of secure and advanced connectivity, our technology is powering the AI supercycle. From fixed to mobile infrastructure we are developing technology that accelerates value for our customers. I am proud of the work Team Nokia is doing to focus and lead this critical era in connectivity.”

The reorganization recognizes Network Infrastructure as a growth segment, positioned to capitalize on the rapid, global AI and data center build-out while continuing to innovate for its telecommunications customer base. The segment will continue to be led by David Heard and consists of three business units Optical Networks, IP Networks and Fixed Networks.

The new Mobile Infrastructure segment will bring together Nokia’s Core Networks portfolio, Radio Networks portfolio and Technology Standards, formerly Nokia Technologies. It will be positioned for core and radio network technology and services leadership to lead the industry to AI-native networks and 6G. The new segment brings together a portfolio whose value creation is founded on mobile communication technologies based on 3GPP standards with a strong cash flow position underpinned by IP licensing. It will be led by Nokia CEO Justin Hotard on an interim basis and will consist of three business units Core Software, Radio Networks and Technology Standards.

Nokia is announcing additional changes in its leadership team, effective January 1, 2026. Raghav Sahgal will take the position of Nokia’s Chief Customer Officer, and will continue in the Group Leadership Team, driving a seamless customer experience for Nokia’s customers. Patrik Hammarén will continue in the Group Leadership Team as President, Technology Standards, formerly Nokia Technologies, reflecting the significant value technology standards creates for Nokia. In addition, Tommi Uitto will step down from the Group Leadership Team, effective 31 December.

Nokia plans to move the following non-core business units into Portfolio Businesses.  Nokia plans to determine the future of these units by the end of 2026, which may include selling them off.

  • Fixed Wireless Access CPE (currently in Fixed Networks in Network Infrastructure)
  • Site Implementation and Outside Plant (currently in Fixed Networks in Network Infrastructure)
  • Enterprise Campus Edge (currently in Cloud and Network Services)
  • Microwave Radio (currently in Mobile Networks)

Nokia Defense is being launched as an incubation unit to serve as the central go-to-market and R&D hub for Nokia’s defense portfolio. Building on the strong foundation of Nokia Federal Solutions in the US, the company sees further opportunities in the US, Finland and other allied countries to deliver defense-grade solutions based on Nokia’s core technologies in Network and Mobile infrastructure.

Nokia is introducing a series of strategic Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) which best illustrate the expected outcomes of Nokia’s strategy. These KPIs for the business are not part of the group level financial outlook.

  • Net sales growth in Network Infrastructure: Nokia targets 6-8% net sales CAGR during 2025-2028. This includes a 10-12% target for the combined Optical Networks and IP Networks.
  • Network Infrastructure operating margin: 13% to 17% by 2028
  • Mobile Infrastructure gross margin: 48-50% by 2028
  • Mobile Infrastructure operating profit: Grow from a base of EUR 1.5 billion
  • Group Common and Other operating expenses: EUR 150 million operating expenses down from the current EUR 350 million run-rate by 2028.
  • Free cash flow conversion: Nokia targets to deliver free cash flow conversion from comparable operating profit of between 65% and 75%.

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Comment and Analysis:

The restructure is Nokia’s biggest announcement since October’s news that Nvidia made a $1 billion investment in the the company to develop AI-RAN (Radio Access Network) products and 6G platforms.

Nokia has been making sizable strides into the data center networking, leveraging Hotard’s expertise at Intel where he headed their data center group:

  • The Finland headquartered vendor became the primary networking partner for Nscale, the ambitious data center at the center of OpenAI’s Stargate buildout in Europe.
  • Nokia also introduced a new family of high-performance 7220 IXR-H6 data center switches, capable of 102.4 Terabits per second throughput with 1.6 Terabit Ethernet interface speeds. These switches are designed to meet the demands of large-scale AI data centers (up to one million XPUs) and are compliant with Ultra Ethernet Consortium (UEC) specifications.
  • The company has enhanced its Event-Driven Automation (EDA) platform with new AIOps (AI for IT Operations) features, including a natural language chatbot called “AskEDA” to aid network troubleshooting and automation, which can reduce downtime by up to 96%.
  • Acquisition of  optical networking equipment vendor Infinera Corp which specializes in data center interconnect.
  • Nokia launched an “Autonomous Network Fabric” to accelerate network automation using a library of telco-trained AI models and integrated security.
  • Nokia is using AI-powered solutions, such as its MantaRay Energy software and “extreme deep sleep mode” in 5G radios, to optimize energy consumption in mobile networks, aiming for “zero energy use at zero traffic.

The new product strategy, effective January 1, 2026, will center around two primary, simplified operating segments:

1. Network Infrastructure

This segment is positioned as the main growth engine, focusing on products that capitalize on the global AI and data center expansion. 
  • Product Focus: Optical Networks, IP Networks, and Fixed Networks.
  • Strategic Goal: Accelerate growth in AI & Cloud and drive innovation in data center networking and high-capacity transport solutions. The company aims for 6-8% annual sales growth in this segment from 2025 to 2028.
  • Key Initiative: A major $1 billion partnership with Nvidia to enhance network capabilities, highlighting the AI focus.
2. Mobile Infrastructure
This segment will focus on core and radio network technologies, specifically developing the next generation of mobile connectivity. 
  • Product Focus: Core Software, Radio Networks, and Technology Standards (formerly Nokia Technologies).
  • Strategic Goal: Lead the industry toward “AI-native networks” and the development of 6G technology, building on existing and future 3GPP specs and ITU-R IMT 2030 recommendations (standards).

Comment: Since IMT 2030 (6G) RIT/SRITs standards won’t be completed till the end of 2030, there will be a long lead time to revenue and profitability in Nokia’s mobile infrastructure segment.  Furthermore, its AI RAN efforts face substantial resistance from wireless telcos who would be the main customers of that niche technology.

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About Nokia:
Nokia is a global leader in connectivity for the AI era. With expertise across fixed, mobile, and transport networks, powered by the innovation of Nokia Bell Labs.

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References:

https://www.nokia.com/newsroom/nokia-announces-new-strategy-evolution-of-its-operating-model-new-long-term-financial-target-strategic-kpis-and-changes-to-its-group-leadership-team/

https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/nokia-cleans-house-in-full-ai-data-center-pivot/

Nvidia pays $1 billion for a stake in Nokia to collaborate on AI networking solutions

Indosat Ooredoo Hutchison, Nokia and Nvidia AI-RAN research center in Indonesia amongst telco skepticism

Nokia Bell Labs and KDDI Research partner for 6G energy efficiency and network resiliency

Nokia and Rohde & Schwarz collaborate on AI-powered 6G receiver years before IMT 2030 RIT submissions to ITU-R WP5D

Nokia & Deutsche Bahn deploy world’s first 1900 MHz 5G radio network meeting FRMCS requirements

Highlights of Nokia’s Smart Factory in Oulu, Finland for 5G and 6G innovation

Will the wave of AI generated user-to/from-network traffic increase spectacularly as Cisco and Nokia predict?

 

Highlights of 2025 Broadband Nation Expo: Comcast, T-Mobile keynotes + selected quotes

Posted on by Alan Weissberger

Over 100 ISPs from across the U.S., vendors in the broadband ecosystem, organizations and more gathered in Orlando, FL November 17-19th for the TIA’s annual Broadband Nation Expo, to talk about the challenges of delivering broadband today.  Keynote speakers discussed topics including Comcast’s 10G network technologies and AI, T-Mobile’s fixed wireless access strategy, AT&T’s fiber expansion, and Google’s use of AI in data center innovation.

I. Elad Nafshi, Comcast’s Executive Vice President and Chief Network Officer, delivered a keynote focusing on AI traffic spikes and transforming a broadband network to prepare for next-generation demands.  Nafshi said that since the start of 2025, Comcast saw a “three-fold increase” in the amount of traffic that goes to ChatGPT and this is in a world where 89% of the AI traffic is still textual based.  He added that  traffic on Comcast’s networks jumped even higher after OpenAI launched its Sora app for AI-generated videos. The Sora service “now consumes more traffic than Xbox Live on our network.”   
Highlights of his presentation:
  • Future-proofing the network: Strategies for evolving existing broadband infrastructure to meet increasing demands from emerging technologies like AI, advanced streaming, and more.
  • 10G technology and multigigabit speeds: Nafshi discussed progress and plans for delivering multigigabit upload and download speeds to millions of Americans using this standard.
  • Network resilience: Insights into how Comcast is building a more resilient network to keep communities connected, particularly in the face of severe weather events.
  • Innovation and strategy: Leading with purpose and innovation in the era of the Broadband Equity, Access, and Deployment (BEAD) program.
  • Core-to-edge intelligence: The integration of artificial intelligence and a robust fiber backbone to create a smarter, faster, and more reliable connectivity experience for customers. 

Comcast is using artificial intelligence (AI) to create a “smarter,” self-healing 10G network, emphasizing distributed AI at the network edge to improve customer experience and network reliability. He noted that investments in 10G technologies like DOCSIS 4.0 and next-generation amplifiers are aimed at future-proofing the network for anticipated data usage growth. In particular. Comcast applies AI at various levels of its 10G network for automation, self-healing, performance optimization, and cybersecurity. This approach is designed to create a “smarter” and more resilient network, with a focus on real-time, distributed intelligence at the network’s edge. 

Network automation and management:
  • Predictive maintenance: Using AI and machine learning (ML), the network can analyze performance data to identify issues before they impact customers, reducing the time needed for repairs. The network also automatically detects when a customer’s modem is offline and analyzes the data to determine the cause of the outage.
  • Capacity scaling: The Octave platform uses AI to automatically increase network capacity in areas experiencing unexpected spikes in data traffic, such as during live-streamed events.
  • Traffic rerouting: AI agents can perform large-scale tasks like automatically rerouting data traffic around fiber cuts to prevent service interruptions.
  • Automated deployment: With its AI and ML capabilities, Comcast automates over 99.7% of all software changes on the network, which also helps prevent human-caused errors.
Enhancing customer experience:
  • In-home WiFi optimization: Every hour, AI analyzes thousands of data points from millions of network devices to enhance in-home WiFi performance. The xFi platform also uses AI to dynamically optimize home WiFi based on user behavior and signal interference.
  • Outage restoration: AI helps accelerate recovery efforts during extreme weather by detecting mass outages faster, pinpointing the cause, and identifying where technicians are needed most. 
Strengthening network security:
  • Threat mitigation: AI agents are being trialed to identify cyber threats and take proactive measures to mitigate them, providing end-to-end cybersecurity protection.
  • Optimized power usage: AI agents can also optimize power usage in the network based on spikes and lulls in data consumption.

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II. T-Mobile Chief Broadband Officer Allan Samson said the “uncarrier” has gained sizable 5G FWA market share in urban markets (it’s offered in Santa Clara, CA- hometown of this author). 70% of T-Mobile’s FWA activations come from the “top 100” U.S. cities and approximately 65% of fixed wireless sales per quarter happen in suburban and urban markets.

Samson said improved quality of service is one reason more people in urban areas are drawn to FWA, touting T-Mobile’s average FWA download speed sits at 239 Mbps and latency has decreased to about 34 milliseconds.   T-Mobile has now converted every fixed wireless customer to a standalone 5G core network (specified by 3GPP).  “From a technology perspective, this so-called cell phone quality internet has not only made a lot of progress but has so much more room to run in terms of the innovation,” Samson added.

He admitted T-Mobile’s lack of expertise in fiber optic networks: “Our approach is real simple. We don’t build wireline networks, you’ve got to know what you’re not good at,” he said. Hence T-Mobile’s decision to acquire both Lumos and Metronet. Samson said T-Mobile expects to close 2025 with “well north of 3 million homes passed” and “hopefully about 900,000 to a million customers.”

T-Mobile’s advantage lies in its sales and marketing arm, which could make a difference in boosting the company’s fiber foothold. T-Mobile also sees an opportunity to double down on fiber’s value proposition and improve pricing, whether that’s by bundling with wireless or some other way.  He said that T-Mobile would NOT follow other fiber companies in “going down what I call the cable approach,” where they charge “$49 for the first year, and then its $69 and $89 and some are still charging for Wi-Fi and the router.”
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Selected Quotes:

Dr. Dong Hao, market technology development manager, Optical Communications at Corning, told a breakfast session about Meta’s 1 million GPU data center campus in Louisiana.  “It’s so gigantic that it’s going to consume 8 million miles of optical fiber in that data center, alone,” he said. “How do you manufacture that? We are dealing with the capacity crunch. It’s a high-priority issue.”

In the age of AI….Robin Olds, senior business development manager, Broadband Program Office, Americas Service Provider, from Cisco, said that service providers are getting more comfortable with AI in the network, given rising costs. “Trusting the networks to make changes on the fly – that is a really hard thing for humans to do, but providers are starting to look at that to save time and money.”

“It’s about getting smarter networks, not just faster networks,” said Jeff Brown, senior director, Segment Marketing, Calix, said during a panel on access technologies.

Mike Lubin, senior advisor and VP at ViaSat thinks LEO satellite transport will emerge as FWA backhaul “in the interim” until fiber or another optical communications technology comes along. Some combination of satellite and FWA is “going to be the paradigm” for connecting about 2.6 billion unconnected folks globally.

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References:
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